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Parental Purchasing Decisions and Challenges Associated with Restricted Diets

Tarnowska, K., Gruczynska-Sekowska, E., Kowalska, D., Kozlowska, M., Majewska, E., & Winkler, R. (2020). Difficulties and factors influencing purchase decision. The perspective of families with children with autism spectrum disorders on a gluten-free and casein-free diet. Preliminary study. Roczniki Państwowego Zakładu Higieny, 71(3).

The study's purpose was to better understand the elements that affect a family's decision to buy a product for a child with autism spectrum disorder who is on a gluten-free, casein-free, sugar-free diet, as well as the challenges that come with this sort of diet. The research was conducted between July 2017 and September 2018 at the Synergis Therapy Center in Warsaw, a facility for the diagnosis and treatment of children with autism and other disabilities, as well as at three therapeutic camps for children with ASD held in Wisa by the Synergis Therapy Center and the Tourist Office, Tairon. In addition, the study had two inclusion criteria, including parents of children with autism spectrum disorders and children on GF, CF, SF, or other special restricted diets for at least six months. Direct PAPI (Paper & Pen Personal Interview) surveying was conducted to gather the data. The specially created anonymous questionnaire contained 16 questions. It included a combination of single-answer, multiple-choice, and open-ended questions about, for example, general caregiver characteristics such as age, place of residence, and education; the use of isolation diets in children; the accessibility of nutritional products; challenges related to maintaining the method of child nutrition; and factors influencing purchasing decisions.

Furthermore, the study results indicated that low-quality substitutes for the typical diet and the limited availability of GFCFSF goods, notably bread, were significant issues in the study. Maintaining a GFCF diet in children with ASD requires various food products and enhanced taste profiles. The physical accessibility of food, as well as economic factors, significantly influences diet compliance. Almost one-fifth of the study respondents considered price when making a purchasing decision, but the high cost of specialty foods was not considered a factor that made it difficult to follow the diet. One of the study's shortcomings was the challenge of reaching the target group, which limited the respondents to 61.5%.

The authors concluded that the parents who participated in the survey were informed buyers who mainly focused on product safety and composition. They sought items that were low in sugar, gluten, and casein and were wholesome, organic, and nutritionally valuable. The study is valuable and contributes to the evidence concerning the impact of GFCF diets on children with autism and parents of affected children who seek GFCF foods.

Dietary Compliance and Gastroenteritis Among Children with Autism

Herlambang, T., Afifa, L. N., Inawati, P. A., & Muhith, A. (2021, May). Analysis of Gluten Free Casein Free Compliance (GFCF) Diet in Terms of the Incidence of Gastroenteritis in Children with Autism Spectrum Using Rank Spearman Test. In IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science (Vol. 747, No. 1, p. 012109). IOP Publishing.

The study was conducted at Surabaya's Nathanisa Ngagel Jaya Tengah Foundation to explore the relationship between the gluten-free, casein-free diet (GFCF) and the prevalence of gastroenteritis in autistic children. The research design used in the study was cross-sectional. The design focused on measuring or inferring the dependent variable, gastroenteritis, only once during the measurement period for the independent variable, adherence to a Gluten Free Casein Free (GFCF) diet. The study's target population encompassed all parents, guardians, and autistic children at the Nathanisa Ngagel Jaya Tengah Foundation in Surabaya. The statistical test used in the study was the Spearman rank test to examine the relationship between the independent and dependent variables.

The findings from the statistical tests using the Spearman rank test at the Nathanisa Ngagel Jaya Tengah Foundation in Surabaya were based on the distribution of participants regarding the association between a gluten-free, casein-free diet (GFCF) and the incidence of gastroenteritis in children with autism. The researchers obtained a value of ρ<α (0.034 <0.05). The result indicates a correlation between adherence to a gluten-free, casein-free diet (GFCF) and the prevalence of gastroenteritis among children with autism at the Nathanisa Ngagel Jaya Tengah Foundation in Surabaya. Among the study population, parents and other adults understood the value of a gluten-free and casein-free diet (GFCF). In the absence of adherence to a gluten-free and casein-free diet (GFCF), the gastrointestinal issues that autistic children already experience may be exacerbated.

The study was biased because it excluded parents or caregivers with disabilities and physical or mental weaknesses, whose input could have contributed significantly to the accuracy of the results. The authors concluded that adherence to a gluten-free and casein-free diet among autistic children at the Nathanisa Ngagel Jaya Tengah Foundation in Surabaya was almost entirely achieved, while the prevalence of gastroenteritis among autistic children was almost absent. At this location, there was a correlation between the prevalence of gastroenteritis in children with autism and adherence to a gluten-free and casein-free diet. The study is significant to the topic because it contributes to the understanding of the impact of GFCF diets on children with autism spectrum disorders.